A study published recently in the European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases assessed the risk factors and pregnancy outcomes for aerobic vaginitis (AV) in late pregnancy. Overall, 624 pregnant women treated in a perinatal unit of a hospital and 365 nonpregnant women who were evaluated at a health management center from January 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled in this case-control study. A questionnaire was administered to pregnant women that covered personal hygiene habits and sociodemographic factors in order to analyze the risk factors for AV. The prevalence rates of vaginal infection in pregnant and nonpregnant women were 27.9% and 15.3%, respectively. AV was more frequently noted among pregnant women as compared to nonpregnant women (4.2% vs. 1.4%). A history of vaginal infection within 1 year (odds ratio [OR] = 3.219, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.103-9.346) and external hemorrhoids (OR = 11.233, 95% CI 4.647-27.155) were found to be independent risk factors for AV during pregnancy. There was a significant association between a higher incidence of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and AV. The results suggest that AV is common in late pregnancy and more attention should be paid to vaginal microbiota evaluations during pregnancy.